Car-heater



(No Model.) I

R. JOHNSON & J. F. BUBRKEL.

GAR HEATER. No. 354,640. Patented Dec. 21,1886.

=jlez c I Q, Q I r flied. Jmfeninrs:

UNITED .I-STATEIS,

PATENT Games. I

ROBERT JOHNSON AND JOHN F. BuEBKE or BOsTO MAssAcHUsErTs.

CAR-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 354,640, datedDecemberzl, 1886.

Application filed October 13, 1885. Serial No.179,S06. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT J OHNsON and JOHN F. BUERKEL, citizens ofthe United States, and residents of Boston, in the county of Suffolk andState of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Oar-Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to that class of heaters in which the heat isconveyed from as'tove or furnace to the radiators through the medium ofa circulating fluid, and more especially to heaters of the kind intendedfor railway-cars; and our invention consists in constructing thesupply-casing to insure a separation of the vapor from the fluid, inproviding a tank for supplying fluid under pressure to the circulatingappliances, and in the various. details ofconstruction, fully set forthhereinafter, whereby the capacity and efficiency of the apparatus aregreatly increased.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation showing our improvedheater as ap plied to a railway-car. Fig. 2 is avertical section of partof the supply-casing.

In that class of heating apparatus in which a fluid circulating throughpipes constituting conductors, and formed into or connected withradiators, is used, the formation of steam or vapor and the carrying ofthe steam or vapor with {the circulating fluid interferes with thecirculation, causes unpleasant explosive sounds, and sometimes resultsin the burning out of the parts in contact with the fire. Attempts havebeen madeto overcome these difficulties by connecting the conducting andcirculating pipes with a chamber intended to receive a portion of thefluid, and also to separate therefrom any particles of steam or vapor,and such attempts have been accompanied with more or less success buthave never remedied all the difficulties.

WVe have discovered that by providing the separating-chamber with one ormore deflectors properly arranged we are enabled to effect the desiredresults and to also secure other advan-- permit the flow of liquidthrough the same,

and this heater we arrange adjacent to a firepot, or make it partthereof, as described hereinafter.

In the present case the heater is arranged in a stove, Q, constructedfor application to and arranged within a railway-car, and the separatorsall contained within a casing, O, which communicates through a pipe, 0,with the top of the heater, and through a pipe, I), with thecirculating-pipe 0, the return circulating-pipe (1 leading to a pipe, h,extending upward to the heater 0, so that the heated water passes upwardthrough the heater and through the pipe (1 into the separator C, thendownward to and through the circulating-pipe c, and back 6 through thecirculating-pipe d and connecting-pipe h to the bottom of the heater.

WVithin the casing O, and at such a point as to be struck by theinflowing current from the pipe a, is arranged a deflector-plate, e, thehigher end of which is in contact with the side of the casingabove themouth of the pipe 0, while the lower end extends nearly to the bottom ofthe casing above the mouth of the pipe I), and in some instances weuse'one or more additional deflector-p1ates, 6 6 extending downward fromopposite sides, so as to leave contracted passages below their loweredges.

WVe have found that by the use of a deflector plate or plates thecurrent of water is directed from the inlet-pipe a to the mouth of theoutlet-pipe I), while any particles of steam or vapor are caused totraverse beneath the deflector-plate and to pass downward beneath 8 5the lower edge thereof and upward into the chamber, being thus separatedfrom the current of liquid,which thus flows in an unbroken streamthrough the pipes. As a result of this arrangement the circulation iseffected withgo out noise, without obstruction, and without the burningaway of the heater from undue heating of the parts, as results whenparticles of steam or air are carried with the circulating current.While the casing C may be of any suitable construction, we prefer tomakeit of cast metal, the deflector plate or plates being inserted inthe mold, and the casing cast so that the edges of the plate will extendinto the casing, as shown in Fig. 4, the casing being therebystrengthened and stiffened.

as not only'to interfere with the circulation,

but cause the burning out of the heater. While an additional'supply ofwater or circulating fluid maybe introduced through the funnel f whenthe apparatus is cold and not in opera tion, it is difficult toreplenish it when the' fluid is heated and under pressure. We thereforecombine with the apparatus above described a supplemental tank, D,containing a supply of fluid and arranged below the easing 0, connectthe tank and easing by a pipe, 9, communicating with the bottom of thetank and the top of the casing, and then force the fluid from the lowerto the higher receptacle by the application of pressure to the surfaceof the fluid in the tank, or the tank is connected to one of thecirculating-pipes or to both circulating-pipe and easing, as shown.

The pressure may be applied to the fluid in the tank in various ways.For instance, a packed piston may be forced down upon it by a weight orotherwise; or a hand-pump, Q,

(shown by dotted lines,) may be employed for forcing air into the top ofthe tank. We prefer, however, to connect the upper end of the tank by apipe, m, with the cylinder or air-chamber N of the air-brake apparatus,so that by turning a cock, n, in the pipe m the air which is underpressure in the cylinder N may be brought to bear upon the surface ofthe fluid in the tank D to force the fluid against the pressure in thecasing O-or circulatingpipe into the latter, the cockn being closed assoon-as the requisite supply is introduced. The pipe 9 may also beprovided with a cock, 1), so as to out 01f the communication between thecasing and tank when desired, and a cock,

pp, will cut 011 communication between the tank and circulating-pipe.

the supply-casing or with the air-reservoir of the braking apparatus;nor do we claim the specific combination of the heater and its relatedparts, as these will constitute the subject-matter of separateapplications for Letters Patent.

Withoutlimiting ourselves to the precise construction and arrangement ofparts shown, we

.claim- 1 1. In a fluid-heating apparatus, the combination of aboiler,circulating-pipes connected therewith, a casing greater in, diameterthan said pipes and having inlet and outlet ports communicatingtherewith, and an inclined plate arranged in said casing above andbetween said ports, substantially as described.

2. A supply-casing containing a steam and water chamber and providedwith an inclined plate above inlet and outlet ports, in combination withcirculating pipes communicating with said ports and with a supp1y-pi pein communication with the water-circuit, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the'boiler, circulating-pipes, and easing providedwith a series of inclined deflector-plates alternately arranged,substantially as set forth.

4. The cast-metal casing 6, combined with the outlet and inleteirculatingpipes and provided with one or more inclined deflectors,theedges of which are embedded in the side of the casing, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT JOHNSON. JOHN F. BUERKEL.

Witnesses:

FRANK R. BODWELL, EDWARD J. J ONES.

